The 6th International and 4th Scientific Conference of Scientific College - Tikrit University 2025
The International and Scientific Conference of Scientific College - Tikrit University for more details about the conference please visit https://www.4iscs.tu.edu.iq
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Study some of Mechanical properties of composite (Cu-Al₂O₃-Ni) prepared by powder metallurgy technology
The present paper aims to study the properties of (Bulk density, True density, Hardness and Wear) of matrix composite material (based Copper) with (α-Alumina) Powder with different percentages (6, 4.5, and 1.3 %), and use the nickel at a constant percentage (0.7%). Manufactured by powder metallurgy to mix and compress the mixture by compressing (8 Tons) for three minutes, and then sintering temperature on the composite is (900°C) for one hour. So, the results referred to that there is a decrease in Density and Wear while there is an increase in Hardness.
Organic Geochemistry of Tanjero Formation at Dokan and Shaqlawa, Northern Iraq
Late Campanian - Maastrichtian Tanjero Formation at Dokan and Shaqlawa areas was studied to determine its hydrocarbon-generation potential and depositional environment conditions. For this purpose, seventeen samples were subjected for Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Rock-Eval pyrolyis analyses. Bitumen was extracted from three samples and analyzed by GC-FID. Generally, TOC and S2 values of Tanjero Formation are low (0.07-0.54 and 0.01-0.53; respectively); indicating they have low potentiality for hydrocarbon generation. Rock-Eval pyrolysis parameters (hydrogen index, oxygen index, and Tmax) indicate that the Tanjero Formation clastics contain mainly type IV and III kerogen. Pristane/phytane values indicate that the Tanjero Formation was deposited under oxic environment. Weathering (especially oxidation) reduced the TOC, the potentiality of the formation rock, and the Extractable Organic Matter (EOM) values.
Updated stratigraphy, tectonics and boundary conditions of the Mawat and Bulfat Ophiolite Complexes, Kurdistan Region, NE-Iraq
The Mawat and Bulfat Igneous Complexes are two neighboring areas in the extreme northeastern Iraq near the border with Iran. Each complex has about 250 square kilometers in surface area and their stratigraphic and tectonic settings are nearly identical. These settings are established in the seventieth of the last century and since that time no significant changes are introduced till now although tens of the studies achieved on them. Here we introduce dramatic changes in the stratigraphy and tectonics of the two complexes depending on field mapping, eye witness and correlations in addition to applying petrographical, paleontological and boundary conditional studies. The two igneous complexes are changed to metamorphic core complexes by changing the previous ophiolite to metamorphosed greywackes and volcaniclastic sandstones. Additionally the previous three allochthonous sheets are considered to be autochthonous sedimentary stratigraphic units which include non-metamorphosed greywackes and limestone (Walash-Naoperdan Series) metamorphosed greywackes (previous ophiolite sheet) and metamorphosed Naoperdan Series (previous Gimo thrust Sheet). The deposition timing, source areas and their relation with other units of the Paleocene-Eocene are clarified and their boundaries are changed from tectonic to depositional. These attributes are linked with historical development of Sanandij-Sirjan Zone as the main part of Neo-Tethys sedimentary basin. It is concluded also that these sedimentary rocks are buried deeply during Late Eocene and metamorphosed regionally then uplifted as Core Complex during Pliocene bringing up with them self- Cretaceous units such a Shiranish Formation.
Planktonic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy Of The Serikagni Formation (Early Miocene) Qasab Well No.13, Qasab Area, North Western Iraq
On the basis of Stratigraphy ranges of (11) Planktonic Foraminiferal species and subspecies the Serikagni Formation in Qasab well no.13 between the depth Interval (617-647) m Northeastern Iraq . is divided Formation into three Biozones these are : from the base to the top of the section . Globoratalia kugleri interval Biozone. Globoquadrina dehiscens interval Biozone. Catapsydrax stainforthi Total range Biozone . The present Biozones are Correlated with similar ones . The age of Serikagni Formation is Early Miocene. as show in figure(3).
The Role of Total Fucose and Protein Bound Fucose in Patients with breast Cancer
Oligosaccharides, arrangements of sugars related with proteins and lipids, are one the most munificent sorts of atoms and fundamentally different. Fucose is one of the most significant oligosaccharide changes associated with malignant growth and aggravation. Novel advances in glycemic have recognized various sorts of glyco-biomarkers containing L-fucose that are formed to particular kinds of disease. Aim of the examination : to assess the job of complete L-Fucose (TF) in patients with demonstrated breast malignant growth and assessed to discover the chance of utilizing such boundaries as a biomarker in the analysis of breast cancer disease patients contrasted with control.
Study the Role of Serum visfatin in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with and without Hemodialysis
Background: The incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus have grown significantly throughout the world, due primarily to the increase in type 2 diabetes. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a frequent complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T₂DM), Visfatin has insulinomimetic effects by activating the insulin signal transduction pathway through binding to the same receptor. According our study have shown the relationship between visfatin a specific biomarker for T2DM without CKD and T2DM with CKD (hemodialysis).
Spectrophotometric determination of Ampicillin and Lansoprazole in pure forms and in their pharmaceutical Formulations
Accurate, rapid and economical methods were used to estimate the two drugs: ampicillin and lansoprazole, using the reagent "4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazane" (NBD-Cl) in the alkaline medium, these methods depend on the formation of colored products between those drugs and the chromogenic reagent (NBD-Cl). at (pH 10.8) it has the highest absorption at 468 nm for Ampicillin (AMP), as well as a yellow colored product and at (pH 11.3) and has the highest absorption at 470 nm for Lansoprazole (LPZ). Beer's law was applied in a range of concentrations (3.6-32.4), (3.6-24) μg/ml, with an molar absorptivity (6.908×10³L/mol. cm) (1.086×10⁴L/mol. cm), and the correlation factor (0.9961, 0.9984) respectively, and the limits of detection were (1.511μg/ml), (0.588μg/ml), respectively. The proposed methods have been successfully applied to estimate these drugs in their pure form and in their pharmaceutical preparations such as injections and capsules in ampicillin and lansoprazole respectively.
Anti-bacterial, Anti-fungi Activity Evaluation and Computational Study of Co(II) and Cu(II)-Dithiocarbamate Complexes
[Co(κ²-Et₂DT)₂] (1), [Cu(κ²-Et₂DT)₂] (2), [Co(κ²-PyDT)₂] (3), [Cu(κ²-PyDT)₂] (4), [Co(κ²-PipDT)₂] (5) and [Cu(κ²-PipDT)₂] (6) (Where Et₂DT = diethyl dithiocarbamate; PyDT= pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate; PipDT = piperidine dithiocarbamate) were synthesized and characterized. The dithiocarbamate (DTC) behave as bidentate chelating ligands to afford a tetrahedral complexes with Co(II) ion and square planner with Cu(II) ion. The dithiocarbamate complexes displayed good activity against the pathogen microbial species (bacteria and fungi). The results showed the Cu-dithiocarbamate complexes are more active against all the tested bacteria then the Co-dithiocarbamate complexes and the DTC-compounds displayed the highest inhibition region against E. coli bacteria. Also, The [Cu(κ²-PipDT)₂](6) complex show a highest activity against all fungi types compared with other complexes, also we used the Density Functional Theory (DFT) to characterize the stability of the prepared complexes.
The Therapeutic Evaluation of Extracted Chitosan from Local Fungus Truffle Against Hyperlipidemia Induced In Male Rabbits
The present study aimed to identify the therapeutic evaluation of chitosan extracted from the fungus truffle and pure chitosan on glucose and lipid profile in the blood of male rabbits with hyperlipidemia induced experimentally by cholesterol. The tests included estimation of glucose levels, total cholesterol, triglycerides, High-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, and very low-density lipoproteins. Hyperlipidemia was induced in the male rabbits used in the study, which was administered orally with cholesterol 150mg / kg body weight. Male rabbits were divided into eight groups: control, Cholesterol, Pure chitosan, Brown truffle chitosan, White truffle chitosan, Cholesterol and pure chitosan, Cholesterol and brown truffle chitosan and Cholesterol and white truffle chitosan. The results of the study showed, The hyperlipidemia induced experimentally resulted a significant increase (P<0.05) in the concentrations of glucose, TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL, while no significant difference in HDL compared with control group. The treatment of male rabbits with pure chitosan resulted in no significant differences in glucose, HDL. While there was a significant decrease (P<0.05) in TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL compared with control group. The treatment of animals with cholesterol and pure chitosan led to a significant increase (P<0.05) in HDL, while a significant decrease (P<0.05) in glucose, TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL, compared with cholesterol group. When the rabbits were treated with brown truffles chitosan, there was no significant difference in glucose, HDL, while there was a significant decrease (P<0.05) in TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL compared with the control group. The treatment with cholesterol and white truffle chitosan, showed increase (P<0.05) significant in HDL, while there was a significant decrease (P<0.05) in TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL, compared with the cholesterol group. When rabbits were the treated with cholesterol and brown truffles chitosan, led to a significant increase (P<0.05) in HDL, significant decrease (P<0.05) in TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL, while there was no significant difference in glucose compared with the cholesterol group. The treatment with cholesterol and white truffle chitosan, showed increase (P<0.05) significant in HDL, while there was a significant decrease (P<0.05) in TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL, compared with the cholesterol group. It is evident from the current study that the extracted chitosan has an important role to reduce the high levels of fats and their complications.
Synthesis and Identification of New Derivatives of Bis-1,3-Oxazepene and 1,3-Diazepine and Assess the Biological and Laser Efficacy for Them
In this study, new schiff bases [A₁-A₂] compounds were prepared by the reaction of terephthalaldehyde with different substituted aniline (4-methoxyaniline and 4-methylaniline) in absolute ethanol, then schiff bases were converted into 1,3-oxazepine derivatives [A₃-A₄] by reacted with 3-bromophthalic anhydride in dry benzene.1,3-Oxazepine derivatives were converted into 1,3-diazepine derivatives [A₅-A₆] through reaction with aniline. The prepared compounds were characterized by physical properties, UV-Vis, FT-IR and ¹H-NMR spectral and C.H.N analysis. TLC checked the purity for these compounds. The antibacterial activities were studied against different kinds of bacteria, namely Eschershia coli and Klebislla Pneumonia Gram (-) ve, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis Gram (+) ve. In addition, evaluation of laser efficacy is showed for the compounds [A₁-A₆] were radiated by laser for (10, 20, 30) seconds. It was found that all the prepared compounds did not have an effect and did not decompose or polymerize when color and the melting point were measured. The stereoisomers of the prepared compounds [A₁-A₆] were also studied at the lowest layer level using the Chem Draw Professional 16.0 program. Heat of formation of the prepared compounds [A₁-A₆] were also studied using the Chem3D 16.0 program.
Parasitic stages contaminants of some vegetables selected from super and local markets of Kirkuk city, Iraq
Vegetables are essential components of a healthy human diet but their raw administration is an important means of transmitting many infectious diseases. From October 2018 to May 2019, this study was intended to detect the parasitic pollutants in some common green vegetables used for fresh intake in Kirkuk city's super and local markets. On the basis of Kirkuk city's geographical division, four areas were selected: Rahim-awa, Huzairan-one, Wassiti and Ras Al-JisrJisr. Eight types of vegetables from each region were collected including tomato, lettuce, cucumber, radish, celery, leek, cabbage and basil. Parasitic stages were microscopically detected by direct smear or by Iodine staining or modified Zeihl-Neelsen stain. Many parasitic stages (eggs, oocysts, and cysts) have been found contaminating the vegetables. In general vegetables were more contaminated with parasitic stages in local markets than in supermarkets. Entamoeba histolytica was the most common parasite detected at 21.1 % frequency. Followed by Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium parvum, Hyminolepis nana, Echinococcus granulosus and Microsporidia sp., with 12.8 %, 5.4%, 4.2%, 3.5 % and 2.3 % for all parasites respectively. Radish, celery and leek were more commonly contaminated than cucumber, tomato, lettuce, basil and cabbage. In Ras Al-Jisr, the highest rate of contamination was detected, followed by Huzairan-one and Wassiti, the lowest rate was detected in Rahim-awa. The conclusion is that, vegetables are more contaminated with parasitic stages in Kirkuk's local markets than in supermarkets. Parasites were found contaminating radish, celery, and leek more than cucumber, tomato, lettuce, basil and cabbage. The greatest isolated pathogenic parasites were the Entamoeba histolytica and the Giardia lamblia cysts. Multiple contaminated parasites have been observed in almost all vegetables.
Effects of sampling, DNA amount and Reduced volume of AmpFLSTR Identifiler Plus kit on STR profile
This research showed two examined blood sampling option, 20 finger-prick and 20 four-month freezers venous blood and its effect on the recovery of isolated DNA preserved on FTA Cards. also, to reduce the cost of DNA profile, we estimated kit efficiency using a reduced volume of PCR reaction (12.5μL) with different DNA concentration. A prepare series of DNA dilution (0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 10 ng/ μL) to amplified DNA with two volume 12.5 and 25 μL of AmpFSTR® Profiler Plus™ Kit. Our research observed that sampling methods and storage time led to decreased DNA. The full and half PCR volume rection was produced a complete DNA profile with both 0.5 and 1 μL DNA concentration. The loss of DNA profile was detected in samples with 0.01 μL of DNA concentrations, while 0.1 μL of DNA concentration was produced partial DNA profile. The optimal DNA quantity which yielded full DNA profile were 0.5 and 1 ng/ μL with both 12.5 and 25 μL volume of PCR. Generally, our data indicated that the peak height of STR loci in histogram results, lowering progressively with decreasing of DNA amounts. Accordingly, this modified method decreases the cost of DNA profile to half, while maintaining its performance.
Histological Effect of Hydrocortisone and Zinc Acetate in Kidney of Mice Males
The aim of this study is to identify the histological effects in kidney which induced by hydrocortisone and treating it via zinc acetate. 20 male of Mus musculus were distributed into four groups, first group (G1) was the control group, which was administerd with distilled water, second group (G2) was injected by 1mg/kg of hydrocortisone in thigh muscle for 10 days, third group (G3) was injected by 1mg/kg of hydrocortisone in thigh muscle for 10 days, then administerd via oral dosage 0.21ml/kg of zinc acetate for 10 days, and fourth group (G4) group was injected by 1mg/kg of hydrocortisone in thigh muscle, and in the same time they administerd via oral dosage 0.21ml/kg of zinc acetate for 10 days.
Parasitic infections with Entamoeba histolytica in Al-Rifa'i district, Dhi Qar province
The present study was carried out inAl-Rifa'i district, Dhi-Qar Province. A total of 640 samples of stool were collected from July to October 2019. The ages of patients ranged from ≤1 month to more than 55 years from both sex, males (265 samples) and females (375 samples). Trophozoite and cyst for Entamoeba histolytica were reported in stool samples with prevalence 20.46% (17.35 % for male, 22.66 % for female). The results show that the highest rate of infection in was reported in 6- 12 years old (4.06%) while the lower infection was in the ≤ 2 years old age group (0.78%). Generally, the infection was highest in villages of Al-Rifa'i district (41.13%) than in city center of Al-Rifa'i district (5.86%).
Response the vegetative characters of three cultivars of olives (Olea europaea L.) to application methods of Nano-Iron and seaweed extract
This study was conducted during the 2019 growing season in the olive grove of the college of Agriculture - Tikrit University / Salah al-Din, to study Response the vegetative characters of three cultivars of olives ( Olea europaea L.) to application methods of Nano-Iron and seaweed extract. The study included three factors were as follows: The first factor (cultivars): Nabali variety (V1) , Ashrasi variety (V2), Khudhari variety (V3). and the second factor (application methods) : Foliar application (A1) , Trunk injection (A2) . and the third factor (application fertilizers) : It was added with three dates 15/2 , 1/3 and 15/3 It included : Fertilizers added by Foliar application: Control treatment (water only) (T0) and Nano-Iron (Fe3O4 Nanoparticles) with a concentration of 150 mg. L-1 (T1), 300 mg. L-1 (T2) and seaweed extract (Tecamin Algae) at a concentration of 2 ml. L-1 (T3) , 4 ml. L-1 (T4) . And fertilizers added by trunk injection : Control treatment (water only) (T0) and Nano-Iron (Fe3O4 Nanoparticles) with a concentration of 75 mg. L-1 (T1), 150 mg. L-1 (T2) and seaweed extract (Tecamin Algae) at a concentration of 1 ml. L-1 (T3) , 2 ml. L-1 (T4).
The role of Vitamin D deficiency in patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer
The aim of this study is identification the relationship between vitamin D deficiency in the diabetic foot ulcer patient and the aerobic bacterial types, because it's, with know their resistance to some antibiotics used. The present study was cross sectional type which carried out from 12th of August 2019 to 25th of February 2020 in Salah al-Din Governorate. Seventy patients suffered from DM presented with diabetic foot ulcer (41 male and 29 female), blood sample was drawn and taken swab from foot ulcer by swab transport media and send to the lab. We found the high significant ratio in decrease blood serum concentration (p≤0.01) of vitamin D in persons with diabetic foot and in persons with diabetes compared with the control group. Also, we found high significant level at (p≤0.01) in the number of patients with DM and DFU for males compared to females and (87%) patients with DFU had a bacterial infection, in addition, the poly-microbial infection was (60.7%) case more than single microbial infection (39.3%), plus showed that the infection with positive bacteria (58.7%) was more than negative bacteria (41%). The highest rate of bacterial infection in DFU was recorded for S. aureus (36.7%), while S. ficaria was the only cause of infection, and it was isolated (0.9%). Most of bacterial isolates that cause DFU were resistant to the antibiotics used except for Levofloxacin, which most bacteria were sensitive, while bacteria were resistance to carbincillin (100%).
Study of genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of tobacco and Urethane in lung and colorectal of white mice
The genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of tobacco and urethane were studied and the results using the cytogenetic endpoints: micronucleus test (MN) in polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs), chromosome aberration analysis in the bone-marrow of white mice Mus musculus. In this observation,, The impact of various doses of cigarette smoke and mouse lung urethane on the lung and the colorectal morphological changes, both in the lung and in the colorectum, is further examined. The cigar mice were then exposed to smoke once or twice a day in a locked environment five times a week. urethane after injection of Interpretation (5mg / kg). The effect of various doses of mouse lung and colorectal tobacco smoke and urethane-induced mouse lung also tests morphological modifications in both the lung and colorectal of the mice. The animals were divided into six groups at random, while the negative (control) group got distal water only. The results of the statistical analysis indicated that micronucleus immature blood cells in the bone marrow had a significant increase of P ≤ 0.05 for both urethane and tobacco treatment in the formation of micronuclei compared to negative control. The study findings also indicated that the induction of chromosomal aberration of immature red blood cells in the bone marrow significantly increased by P ≤ 0.05. Also the results showed number Tobacco treatment and urethane induced histological changes in both lung and colorectal tissue of nodules and hyperplasia amongst these various groups, as revealed by light microscope. In conclusion, current study revealed that tobacco and Urethane have high genotoxicity and Cytogenetically effects on somatic cells of white mice, also ever smokers have an increased risk of lung and colon cancer.
Histological changes in breast Cancer patients and the physiological role of Leptin and Interleukin-6 in blood serum
The current study included two aspects, which were histological physiological. (75) blood samples from women with breast cancer, in addition to 15 blood samples for healthy women as control were grouped. In addition to collecting tissue biopsy from the mammary glands of some women whose blood samples were drawn Included were also. Women diagnosed with breast cancer, ages ranged between 38-68 years. The study was conducted from 1 May 2019 to 2 October 2019. The results of microscopic examination showed the presence of invasive breast cancer, there were types of breast cancer, including infiltrative carcinoma, and metaplastic carcinoma. Another types of gland cancer were medullary carcinoma, and invasive Ductal carcinoma, which is breast cancer the musinaise type. The results also revealed the presence of ductal carcinoma in situ DCIS (the sold type). The results also showed the spread of cancerous Paget disease to the dermal layer of the skin. The physiological results showed hematological changes characterized by a high level of Leptin hormone (P≤0.01) in the blood of women with breast cancer group 3, compared with the control group, while there was a significant increase (P≤0.05) in women with a concentration of hormone (P≤0.05) in injuries in groups 2 and 5, compared with the control group, and no significant changes occurred in groups 4 and 6 compared to the control group. Also significant increase (P≤ 0.01) in the concentration of interleukin-6 group of women with breast cancer group 6 compared to the control group, while the group 2 and 3 showed a significant increase (P≤ 0.05) compared to the control group, while group 4 recorded significant decrease (P≤0.05) in interleukin-6 concentration compared to control group. From the results of the current study, Conclusion can be made that, breast cancer has severe negative effects on the histological composition of breast tissue, which negatively affects the functional role of the Leptin hormone and interleukin-6 in the blood serum.
The effect of some antibiotics and antiseptics on several bacterial genera isolated from the animal house
From different places of animal house (University of Baghdad/ biology department/ college of science), that include cages of (rats, mice and rabbits), walls, float, counters and sinks, the specimens were taken by using 25 sterile swabs. The kinds of isolated bacteria were identified according to the morphological features, biochemical tests and by VITEK2 system. fourteen strains were isolated belonged to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas luteola, Escherichia coli, Klebseilla pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. Susceptibility test were done by using VITEK 2 AST, P. luteola was showed sensitivity to most antibiotics but resistant to Cefazolin and Trimethoprim/ Sulfamethoxazole, but other gram negative bacteria were resistant to most antibiotics but sensitive to Gentamicin, Tobromycin, Ciprofloxacin. While gram positive bacteria (S. aureus) were detected as VERSA and MRSA, while sensitive to (Gentamicin, Tobramycin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Linezolid, Nitrofurantoin, Tiglycine). While MIC determination of disinfectants such as, absolute alcohol, and bleach were made for the isolated bacteria by macro-dilution method. The highest MIC value against P. aeruginosa from alcohol was 64 mg/ ml. while the lowest MIC value of it was against K. pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus. On other hand the bleach gave the higher MIC value was against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa 25 mg/ml, 16 mg/ml respectively. But the lowest MIC value against E. coli. We were concluded that many pathogenic bacteria can be isolated from animal house and common between humans and animals and can cause diseases to workers and researchers in animal house. They must take the necessary precautions such as sterilization of various antiseptics to avoid infection with pathogenic bacteria.
Evaluation of Circulation Levels of ASA and IL-6 in Infertile Men
The elevated levels of ASA and IL-6 antibodies in semen have a fundamental role in immune sterility, so the current study was designed to compare the blood serum levels of these markers between infertile and healthy men. Serum levels of ASA and IL-6, of 46 infertile and 44 fertile males were assessed using ELISA test (standard curve). The findings showed that mean serum IL-6 and ASA levels were significantly higher in infertile male compared with control (107.4 pg/ml, and 51.4 U/ml, VS 8.3 pg/ml, 11.50 U/ml at P≤ 0.01). According to the types of infertility the result also showed there was a significant statistically difference in the level of IL-6, and ASA within comparted groups. These data concluded that the significant increase in serum ASA and IL-6, compared to the lower levels in the control, indicating that these markers may be implicated in the pathogenesis of male infertility.
Pollen morphology of the genus Centaurea L. (Asteraceae) in Middle and North of Iraq
_*]:min-w-0 gap-3"> The current research was designed to study of pollen grains of the genus Centaurea L. of the Asteraceae. The study included 17 species (C. carduunculus, C. scleronix, C. cana, C. balsamita, C. solstitialis, C. sinaica, C. behen, C. iberica, C. laxa, C. aggregata, C. vergata, C. lyrica, C. bruguierana, C. Phyllocephala, C. rigida, C. hyolopis and C. hyolopis ssp. Hyolopis). Samples utilized in the present study were collected from different areas in the middle and north of Iraq. A compound microscope was used to examine the slides of samples and records the required measurements. The properties of samples such as the length of the polar axis, the equatorial axis and the thickness of the grain wall were of each pollen grain were measured by using an ocular micrometer and photographed by the camera on the microscope. The results showed that the pollen grains were tricolporate, as it turned out that the size of pollen grains, the diameter of germination pore, the length of the colpus, the surface sculpturing, as well as the thickness of the wall (exine) of the pollen have a taxonomic value to isolate the species of the genus from each other. _*]:min-w-0 gap-3">
Epidemiological study of toxocariasis using ELISA and PCR techniques in some areas of Salah Al-Deen Governorate/ Iraq
Toxocariasis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases resulting from Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati, and they are among the most important parasitic nematodes in the small intestine of dogs and cats and other canidae and felidae, which accidentally infect humans. This study designed to diagnose Toxocariasis in human in some areas of Salah El-Din Governorate using ELISA- TEST IgG and PCR techniques, and finding the relationship of toxocariasis with age, gender, residential location, profession. In the current study 277 blood samples of people living in different areas of Salah Al-Deen Governorate, of both sexes were teasted, their ages ranged between 15-60 years, to investigate toxocariasis, using IgG test-ELISA techniques and PCR, from November to June 2019. The number of positive serum samples for ELISA test was 22%. The infection in Tikrit and Baiji district reached 23.9%, and in Al-Alam district 17.9%, by ELISA test. The highest infection was recorded in 37-47 years old with percentage was 23.94%, and the highest rate of infection was within males group and 36-26 years old and in females The highest rate was among 15-25 years and 37-47 years, and it reached 21.8%, and the infection among the uneducated group was 26.6%, and for those who owned dogs and cats, was 26.31%. The prevalence of the nematode eggs in stool samples was 23.3% in Baiji district, while the prevalence rate in soil samples was 30%, 45% in Baiji , and Al-Alam district, respectively. The molecular study was carried out to distinguish between Toxocara canis and T. cati eggs using ITS gene marker of helminthes eggs after DNA samples were extracted, which could serve as an effective genetic marker for identifying Toxocara spp. Which are closely related formally so that they cannot be distinguished from each other. The results of current research were absence of diagnostic gene in studied samples indicating that they are different types of worms and contain different diagnostic genes.
تصميم هوائي شريحة رقيقة مناسب لتطبيقات WLAN ودراسة تأثير ثابت العزل على عرض الحزمة الترددية
في هذا البحث تم تصميم نموذج لهوائي شريحة رقيقة مستطيل الشكل مناسب لتطبيقات WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) اللاسلكية، الحجم الكلي لهوائي الشريحة الرقيقة $58.25 \times 55.58 \times 1.6\text{ mm}^3$ تم تغذية الهوائي باستخدام تقنية الخط الشريطي الدقيق عند التردد (2.4GHz (2.4 - 2.484GHz وتحسين الخواص الاشعاعية عند المادة العازلة الايبوكسي ومن ثم الحصول على عرض حزمة ترددية بتغيير المادة العازلة في هذا البحث تم استخدام ثلاث مواد عازلة مختلفة، المواد العازل المستخدمة هي (Epoxy بثابت عزل 4.3 و Arlon AD320A بثابت عزل 3.2 و Roger TC600 بثابت عزل 6.15 ) وتم الحصول على افضل قيمة لعرض الحزمة الترددية عند المادة العازلة Arlon AD320A وكانت قيمته تساوي 1.49GHz وخسارة العودة تساوي -29.254dB عند التردد 2.4131GHz، و عرض الحزمة الترددية للمادة العازلة (FR-4(Epoxy تساوي 1.081GHz وبخسارة عودة تساوي -24.925dB عند التردد 2.4GHz وعرض الحزمة الترددية للمادة العازلة Roger TC600 تساوي 0.539GHz وخسارة العودة تساوي -14.182dB عند التردد 2.4GHz، تم تصنيع الهوائي وقياس قيمة خسارة العودة باستخدام جهاز (Vector Network Analyzer(VNA وكان هناك توافق مقبول مع قيمة المحاكاة لخسارة العودة باستخدام برنامج CST(Computer Simulation Tool) 2019.
دراسة جيوهندسية وبيئية لموقع مصفى الصمود بيجي / محافظة صلاح الدين/العراق
تم فحص لترب مختلفة من مصفى بيجي / صلاح الدين / العراق، الى اجراء تقييم هندسي جيوبيئي لترب سطحية تضمنت التقييم الجيوهندسي الى اجراء فحوصات فيزيائية وكيمائية للتعرف على الخصائص الجيوتكنيكية لهذه الترب اذا اعتمدت الدراسة (6) نماذج تربة (3) تربة ملوثة (3) تربة غير ملوثة (فقد تعذر فحصها لانها مشبعة بالمواد الهايدروكاربونات) ، فقد اظهرت نتائج التحليل الحجمي الحبيبي بأن التربة في منطقة الدراسة احجام حبيباتها الناعمة تكون مختلفة نسبة الغرين (58.5%)، الطين (28.8%)، الرمل (12.6%). أظهرت نتائج حدود اتربريك بأن التربة الناعمة من نوع التربة الغرينية ذات اللدونة الواطئة (ML) . وبالنسبة للتحاليل الكيمائية فقد تراوحت نسبة الجبس بين (18-20)% . قيم مجموع الاملاح المذابة تراوحت بين (23-32)%. تراوحت نسبة المحتوى العضوي بين (0.28-0.84)% . فيما تراوحت قيم الاس الهيدروجيني بين (7.99-8.04)% .
التغيرات العمودية والجانبية للعمليات التحويرية لتكوينات الخصيب والتنومة والسعدي ضمن تتابعات دورة (تورونيان – سانتونيان) في حقلي بلد وتكريت/محافظة صلاح الدين
تضمنت الدراسة الحالية دراسة التغيرات العمودية والجانبية للعمليات التحويرية لتكوينات الخصيب والتنومة والسعدي ضمن تتابعات دورة (Turonian- Santonian) في مقطعين تحت سطحيين ضمن حقلي بلد وتكريت في محافظة صلاح الدين، تمثل الأول بمقطع (5-Ba) بسمك (350)م، في حين يتمثل الثاني بمقطع (6-TK) وسمكه (500)م. حيث تم دراسة (309) شريحة مكونة من الفتات الصخري بواقع (109) شريحة لبئر (5-Ba) و(200) شريحة لبئر (6-TK). تتألف صخور التكوينات قيد الدراسة بشكل رئيسي من الحجر الجيري الطباشيري المتعاقبة مع الحجر الجيري السجيلي والحجر الجيري ذو اللون الرمادي والبني بالنسبة لتكوين الخصيب، اما تكوين التنومة فيتكون من تتابعات من السجيل البني الداكن المتداخلة مع المارل الاخضر الداكن، بينما تكوين السعدي يتكون على الاغلب من تتابعات من الحجر الجيري الطباشيري مع تواجد لطبقات من الحجر الجيري المارلي في في وسط واسفل التكوين، اوضحت الدراسة ان تتابعات هذه الدورة غير متوافقة مع تكوين الكفل التبخري الذي يسفلها في كلا المقطعين بينما في جزئها العلوي تكون متوافقة مع تكوين مشورة ضمن مقطع (5-Ba) وغير متوافقة مع تكوين الهارثة ضمن بئر (6-TK). أظهرت الدراسة البتروغرافية تعرض صخور الدراسة الى العديد من العمليات التحويرية وهي كل من السمنة والدلمتة والتشكل الجديد والاذابة والانضغاط والمكرتة والتعكر الحياتي تبعا لدرجة شيوعها مع انتشار كبير للمعادن موضعية النشأة متمثلة بمعدن البايرايت واسع الانتشار خلال مقطعي للدراسة اضافة لتواجد قليل لمعدني الكلوكونايت والسيليكا. واعتماداً على الوصف البتروغرافي للعمليات التحويرية تم دراسة التغيرات العمودية والجانبية للعمليات التحويرية ومن ثم استنتاج البيئات التحويرية للتكوينات قيد الدراسة.
دراسة السحنات الدقيقة والبيئة الرسوبية لتكويني مودود وجاوان في حقل باي حسن النفطي/ شمال العراق
يعد تكويني مودود وجاوان ضمن تتابعات العصر الكريتاسي فترة (الألببان)، حيث تقع منطقة الدراسة في شمال العراق ضمن حقل باي حسن يقع باي حسن الى الشمال الغربي من مدينة كركوك حوالي (30) كم . تهدف الدراسة الحالية الى أجراء دراسة بتروغرافية لغرض تحديد السحنات الصخرية والسحنات الدقيقة لتكويني مودود وجاوان ضمن الآبار المختارة ( BH-102 ، BH-81) من حقل باي حسن ، وكذلك دراسة السحنات الدقيقة لكل تكوين وتأثير العمليات التحويرية عليها واستبناط البيئة الترسيبية للتكوين. وتم تحديد العمليات التحويرية التي أثرت على تكويني مودود وجاوان وهي عملية الدلمتة الشديدة (Dolomitization) والذي شخصت من خلال معينات الدولومايت وعملية التشكل الجديد (Neomorphism)، وعملية الاذابة المؤدية الى تكوين العديد من أنواع المسامية (مسامية القالبية والفجوات أو النغورية و القناة شكل (3) ،(4) . فضلاً عن عملية السمنة والتي تمثلت بالسمنت الحبيبي والسمنت البلوكي، وكذلك تم تشخيص عملية السليكة في الأجزاء الوسطى من تكوين مودود . تم تشخيص أربعة سحنات رسوبية أساسية لتكويني مودود وجاوان في مقاطع الآبار ( -BH 81 ،102 BH) وهي : سحنة حجر الدولومايت وسحنة الحجر الجيري الدولومايتي وسحنة حجر الانهايدرايت وسحنة الحجر الجيري التي تتألف من اربع سحنات دقيقة. ومن خلال هذه السحنات الجيرية الدقيقة تم استنباط البيئة الترسيبية لتكويني مودود وجاوان والتي تمثل بيئة نطاق البحر المفتوح لتكوين مودود وبيئة اللاكون (البحيرات الشاطئية) وبيئة فوق المدية (مقدمة السبخة التبخيرية) لتكوين جاوان ، أي ان البيئة الترسيبية الرئيسية لتكويني مودود وجاوان هي بيئة المنصات الكاربوناتية الضحلة . ومن ثم اقتراح الموديل الرسوبي لتكويني مودود وجاوان شكل (5) .
دراسة السلوك الكهروكيميائي لمستخلص الفينولات لنبات اكليل الجبل
تضمن البحث دراسة السلوك الكهروكيميائي للفينولات المستخلصة من أوراق نبات اكليل الجبل بطريقة Grand في مستخلص خلات الاثيل على قطب الزئبق ذي القطرة المعلقة (HMDE) بالمحلول ذي الدالة الحامضية (pH=7) وبالظروف الأولية المثبتة بجهاز البولاروغرافي 797 Computrance Metrohm. أعطت الفينولات قمة انودية واضحة عند جهد ($2.6\text{ V}$) ضد قطب المرجع Ag/AgCl Sat. KCl . ولقد بينت النتائج من دراسة تأثير الدالة الحامضية عند جهد اختزال وتيار الانتشار للقمة الانودية للفينولات في مستخلص خلات الاثيل وبإستخدام تقنية فولتامتري الموجة المربعة (Square Wave Voltammetry) عند الدوال الحامضية (pH= 1,2,6,7,8) ان هناك زيادة في تيار الانتشار مع زيادة الدالة الحامضية وصولاً الى (pH=8) واعطت هذه الدالة الحامضية اعلى تيار وافضل شكل لقمة انودية للفينولات وتم اختيارها كوسط مثالي لتثبيت الظروف المثلى لأكسدة الفينولات من جهد البدء، جهد الترسيب، زمن الترسيب، زمن التوازن ،مراحل الجهد ،سعة النبضة والتردد وسرعة المسح وحجم قطرة الزئبق وتأثير زمن الاستقرارية مع رسم المنحني القياسي للفينولات المتعددة باستخدام الظروف المثلى. وباستخدام معادلة نرنست رسمت العلاقة بين (pH 1,2,6,7,8) ضد جهد الاختزال المقابل لها، للفينولات المستخلصة بطريقة Grand واعطت علاقة خطية بمعامل ارتباط ($R^2=0.9643$) وبقيمة محسوسة كمؤشر لانتقال الالكترونات خلال عملية الأكسدة.
بناء متحسسات انتقائية جهدية لتقدير عقار السيميتيدين هيدروكلوريد في مستحضراته الصيدلانية وبعض السوائل البايولوجية
يتضمن البحث تقدير عقار هيدروكلوريد السيميتيدين (Cimetidine Hydrochloride, CI) باستخدام الطريقة الجهدية ببناء أقطاب انتقائية لعقار CI مع المادة الفعالة حامض الفوسفوموليبديك (Phospho Molybdic acid (PMA)) باستخدام مادة ملدنة زيت البارافين (OIL PARAFFIN ,PAR) وإضافة مواد نانوية مثل (Nanosilica ، Multi wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT)) لقطب عجينة الكاربون.